Lines
On board, ropes are generally referred to as lines. Depending on their use they carry different names that derive from their function or their position on the boat.
Materials
Today most lines are made of synthetic fibres, since these are light, weather-resistant, and have high tensile strength.
- Polyester (Dacron): low-stretch, UV-resistant, the standard material for sheets and halyards.
- Polyamide (Nylon, Perlon): very strong and elastic, well suited for mooring and anchor lines.
- Polypropylene: floats on water and is therefore commonly used as a throwing or rescue line.
- Dyneema / Aramid: extremely low-stretch and high-strength, used at heavily loaded points such as halyards and trim lines.
Natural fibres such as hemp, sisal, or manila are now found only on traditional vessels.
Construction
A line consists of several yarns twisted or braided together. Two main types are distinguished:
- Laid line: three or more strands twisted against one another. These lines are easy to splice but tend to unlay.
- Braided line: an elastic cover surrounds a load-bearing core. They are easy to handle, hold their shape, and are particularly well suited for modern hardware.
Care
To make lines last, they should be cared for regularly:
- Rinse with fresh water after contact with salt water.
- Avoid leading lines over sharp edges to prevent chafing.
- Store dry and protected from UV light when not in use.
- Secure ends against unravelling by whipping or sealing.
Names on Board
Even though every piece of cordage on board is called a line, each takes its own name based on its task:
- Halyard: for setting a sail (see Running Rigging).
- Sheet: for trimming a set sail.
- Mooring line: for tying up at a dock.
- Anchor line: for connecting to the anchor.
- Throwing line: for throwing ashore or to another boat.